Essay on Cannabis Legalization - 1240 Words

Cannabis Legalization Discuss: â€Å"Cannabis is no more harmful than tobacco or alcohol and should, therefore, be legalised.† There has recently been much debate in the media about the decriminalisation of cannabis, both for recreational and medicinal use. This topic has proved controversial especially in political circles. Drawing on evidence from recent press reports, research on the web and recent publications, this essay will assess the evidence of how harmful cannabis really is. In 1971 Cannabis was reclassified by parliament and became a schedule 1 drug. This means that it was viewed as having no medicinal value. In 2002, Cannabis was reclassified again as a Class C drug meaning that it is seen as less harmful in comparison to†¦show more content†¦He argues that cannabis use is no more dangerous than alcohol and tobacco, suggesting that the legal effects can have further far-reaching consequences on users if they are caught. He explains that, â€Å"People who are prosecuted for possession of cannabis may have their livelihoods destroyed for the use of a compound which has less adverse consequences than alcohol and tobacco.† However, there are many critical responses to these views. Studies such those published by the BMJ demonstrate that there are two main problems with long-term cannabis use. One problem is that cannabis usage over time damages mental health and has negative physical consequences much like those of nicotine. On the other side of the coin cannabis use can have indirect consequences in terms of the wider population. The British Medical Journal (1996) featured an article suggesting that women had a five fold increase in comparison with men in reporting of depressive episodes after smoking cannabis. This suggests that gender has an effect on reactions to cannabis. It also suggests that there may be differences in terms of reporting the effects of cannabis based on gender, with men perhaps being less keen to report any negative reactions due to stereotypes based on gender. Additionally episodes of psychosis have also been related to cannabis which indicates that cannabis may not be as harmless as some suggest. A recent GuardianShow MoreRelatedThe Legalization Of The Cannabis Cure Essay1287 Words   |  6 Pages The Cannabis Cure Cannabis is a huge economic development in America that has changed to reach people in need of its benefits. In the hands of smart business owners cultivation is apart of an extravagant life cycle of creation. Farmers are now harvesting marijuana yields in 9 U.S. states and pave they way for dispensary pop ups in the years ahead. 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Infuence of Entertainment Essay - 961 Words

Influence of Entertainment Media Latishia Weldon HUM/186 March 4, 2013 Brandale Mills Influence of Entertainment Media America’s have shaped our culture though entertainment for media proposes for years. Entertainment media is how Americans attract the way of life. The social influences relay on the media entertainment for positive and negative images to help transform the minds of people. The culture of Americans have always been through television, computers, and entertainment. The values of our culture have been acknowledged though media, and influences of behaviors showed though media. Something that can make a person laugh will last a life time. It encages people to think that the time they may spend in life fill more†¦show more content†¦The social influences reflect on people lives in a major way. Entertainment media have provided that structure through: music, radio, reading, and watching television. When conducting your life on the things you will see or hear though entertainment from the media. It will have a negative or a positive effect. The negative aspect is the differen t Soap Operas that are on the television. To that married woman and that signal woman they will dedicate all their time to watching Soap Operas like; All My Children, The Bold and The Beautiful. Those are just to name a few of them, but they will watch those shows before they leave out the house. Woman will also watch Soap Operas at work while they are eating their lunch. By watching this type of shows, it can generate a woman to have negative energy towards her love ones. Americans minds have always been trained to operate in; things that will have you thinking in real life events. People always want to know, â€Å"Who got shot†, and, â€Å"Who is sleeping with who†. That is distinguished as good techniques of entertainment, and how it can influence the mind and relationship. It gives off a negative vibe for that woman or man thinks that her spouse is cheating. All drama shows give a person a clue of how certain situation may appear in life. To Americans that is good entertainment, and pleasure to know that they are not the only ones going through something. The positive side ofShow MoreRelatedBrand2697 Words   |  11 Pagesequity conjoint study would provide increased detail on the nature of the existing brand and the leverage various console attributes have in contrast to brand and price. References G, R. (2012, August 22). The Myth of the Average Gamer: 2012 Entertainment Software Demographics Deconstructed. Retrieved from Geekquality: http://www.geekquality.com/average-gamer-myth/ Harris Interactive. (2013). 2013 Harris Poll EquiTrend Rankings. Retrieved from www.harrisinteractive.com: http://www.harrisinteractiveRead MoreMineral Makeup Marketing Study4860 Words   |  20 Pagesteen boom has seen a number of manufacturers and retailers target the teenage market in an attempt to capture their highly discretionary and ever- increasing spending power. Others targeted baby boomers, the largest buying group with considerable infuence and buying power. Strong demand from the baby boomer segment in particular is estimated to be responsible for initial growth in luxury and prestige skincare sales (IBIS, 2010). 3. Brand Positioning The brand develops make-up products that are both

Post War to Present

Question: Discuss the various conspicuous authors in their literary works tend to portray the reality of life in different ways. Answer: Introduction Literature is the reflection of reality. Various conspicuous authors in their literary works tend to portray the reality of life in different ways. Their perception, their way of expression, their realistic approach differs from each other. Christopher Isherwood and Samuel Selvon, the two contemporary novelists in the post war era have occupied a predominant place in the realm of English literature. Being contemporaries the two authors have experienced the real approaches of life in two different ways. The in-depth description of the city, Berlin is beautifully presented in the novel Goodbye to Berlin. Isherwood has identified the nature and the culture of the city as he observes it[1]. He has observed that the city Berlin is endowed with good cultural aspects. The people belonging to this particular city intend to lead a systematic lifestyle. On the other hand, the novelist has pointed out that the city Berlin is surrounded with the aspects of sexual freedom. The entire novel is end owed with a touch of happiness[2]. People love to enjoy their life by struggling with the excellence instead of the hardships. On the other hand, The Life of London by Samuel Selvon has depicted the city culture of London in a different way. The entire story has concentrated on the strenuous journey of Moses Aloetta, the real protagonist of this novel. Moses Aloetta is a migrant of London. Selvon has beautifully portrayed how this particular individual has to face immense challenges and difficulties in order to survive in the city of London[3]. The novelist has portrayed that life is not a bed of roses but a way of thorns. In order to achieve success in life, people have to face immense difficulties throughout their entire life. Moses Aloetta is a bright example of this. Therefore, the two novels namely Goodbye to Berlin and The Life of London deal with the description of two cities and their culture. The central theme and the approach are not different from each other. The two authors have described the two themes in different perspectives. Discussion Both authors differ from each other in terms of their culture and lifestyle. Their perception of life is completely different. In the novel, Goodbye to Berlin the novelist has presented the lifestyle of an upper class society of Berlin. People are well accustomed with sexual liberty. Isherwood coming from an upper-middle class background has portrayed the life style of Berlin people so well. Mosses Aloetta is the representation of Selvon in the novel The Life of London. Before acquiring fame as a successful novelist, Selvon had to pass a life, full of hardships and struggles. Mosses Aloetta is the portraiture of this reality[4]. As a migrant, this person has to face numerous obstacles to survive in London. Both the novels have maintained an episodic rhythm with an extraordinary way of expression. The storyline of Goodbye to Berlin has been set just after the First World War[5]. At that time, Hitler was holding the chair. On the other hand, The Life of London was set after the Second World War. The difference between the time sequences of these two novels is truly significant. In the era of post colonialism, the people had to face immense difficulties to lead their life successfully. The influence of the Second World War was truly commendable. Therefore, with the help of this novel, the author has portrayed the actual scenario of the after World War effect. However, the primary concern of this particular paper is to identify an in-depth relationship between identity and experience portrayed in both works namely Goodbye to Berlin and The Life of London. Relationship between identity and experience After the World War effect, Isherwood left England leaving behind his upper-middle class society and culture and moved to Berlin. Isherwood has observed the cultural liberty after entering the place. The entire environment was completely different from the life he had been living till now. While describing the city culture of Berlin, the author did not forget to mention in his novel, the theme of homosexuality, which is forms one of the major parts of this novel. Over the period of three years, the concept of homosexuality has become prevalent in different parts of Berlin. A homosexual relationship has been portrayed between the characters Otto and Peter Wilkinson[6]. The neurotic Englishman, Peter, belongs to a rich and wealthy background. On the other hand, the younger lover Otto is an out-an-out laborious individual, devoid of enough money and wealth like Peter. The argument based on the homosexuality has been considering the rights of the young generation. It is stated that young people are confident enough to be involved with a homosexual relationship. This relationship can be with a wealthy person to render the stability in their lives. The character of Otto has been portrayed in a robust way whose primary concern is to lead a healthy life rather than leading one with financial crisis. Over time, Otto understood that his relationship with Peter was no longer healthy and beneficial. Peter fails to fulfil the high needs and demands of Otto. Isherwood intends to depict that homosexuality is temporary. The relationship is thus cannot stay for long. Homosexuality has been portrayed as a source of pleasure in this novel. Peter has been indirectly represented with Isherwood, a shy and moderate person. Isherwood was very much soft hearted towards others. People, who like to lead a comfortable life, have used Isherwood in order to get benefits. The Ruegen Island is a place where people are allowed to show their sexual desires. After publishing the novel, Isherwood had to face immense criticism from his contemporaries. As per the point of view of several critics, Isherwood has demolished the rhythm of novels after showing the effects of a homosexual relationship, positively throughout the entire novel. At the same time, it is undeniable that Isherwood was the only one who highlighted the actual vista of the-then society of Berlin. It is seen that Isherwood has not attempted to conceal his sexual orientation; rather he has expressed his homosexuality by accepting it as part of regular life. At the very first page of the novel, Isherwood has commented, I am a camera with its shutter open. This statement exemplifies his approach towards homosexuality. He is not ashamed of being a homosexual, rather is free from every mental blockage. In this novel, Isherwood has tried to portray the homosexual character of Peter. Peter, a migrant from Britain, belongs to a wealthy family[7]. There are recognisable similarities between the characters of Isherwood and Peter. The sexual orientation of the two characters is same. Moreover, both of them have been experiencing cultural and liberal freedom in Berlin. Isherwood has presented a description of Ottos physical appearance. It is stated that Otto has sparkling eyes with a mischievous look. This appearance somewhat resembles a ripe peach. In fact, Isherwoods description of the physical appearance of Otto is almost similar to the explanation made by Peter. It is clear that Isherwood has a special attraction towards Otto, whereas Peter has also expressed similar feelings. It is noted that the narrator has somewhat failed to create a linking between the diversified characters. The major argument is raised against the sympathetic behaviour of Isherwood towards homosexuality. However, in spite of criticism, the concept of homosexuality is still free from all kinds of social obligations. The narrator has portrayed admiration for homosexuals who have full rights to dwell in the city. The narrator feels that there is nothing wrong in homosexuality. In Goodbye to Berlin, Isherwood has presented an extensive description of the post war society, which has been preparing for the upcoming war. The novel illustrates a clear picture of the post world war period in Berlin. The existing people have to face immense hardships during such devastating scenario. It is noticed that most of the published novels in the post World War period, have illustrated the picture of the ruthless surroundings. The novel, Goodbye to Berlin is not an exception. People started suffering due to the lack of consistency in their workplace. No one has the assurance of job stability. The insecurity in their minds has made their lives more difficult[8]. However, the novel portrays one positive side of the human mentality. In spite of this bleak scenario, people remain hopeful and cheerful. The positive attributes have helped the city to rise again by overcoming the difficulties. However, the arguments are indicating different perspectives of the people living in t he city. The city includes the people from diversified social groups and residents. In this novel, Goodbye to Berlin, Isherwood has presented the characterisation of the people with diversified perceptions. These people belong to different cultural, religious, economic, and social backgrounds. The novel thus includes the overview of the diversified cultural traits that have a significant influence on city life. Isherwood has shared the idea about his personal experiences in Berlin. He mentions about several characters with an aim to present the different characteristics and their perceptions. In the initial stage, he has illustrated the nature of his landlady, Fraulein Schroeder. She represents the emblem of an adjusting lady who can cope with every hurdle that she may come across. Moreover, she is somebody who adjusts to the emerging rules of Nazism. The sudden appearance of incidents as horrible as these has made her accustomed to such a different scenario. There is also a mention of an apartment in the novel. The apartment includes rooms for different people including a prostitute and a bar tender. This bar tender often deals with customers who are not at all trustworthy. There is one similar trait found in different characters. Each of the characters here is representing their struggle against financial crisis. The economic instability has made their life miserable. This novel includes the personal experiences of Isherwood in Berlin City. The different characters he met there have created a special impression on him. It is quite clear that the novel has been exploring the social life of the people in Berlin after the World War. He has mixed facts with fictions when describing the inner theme. There is a clear picture of the unsurpassed scenario of Berlin. Each of the characters has been indicating their survival in a situation of economic instability. Even in spite of being a foreign English teacher, Isherwood is insecure about his survival in Berlin. He could not bear the expenses of his rent, he accepted offer presented by Otto. He then starts living with Otto and his family. Isherwood faced the reality at Ottos house. He has experienced a terrible scenario of poverty in Berlin. The slums in Berlin are surrounded with dirt and pollution. However, in Berlin he meets Otto, who has the audacity to live a cheerful life even in a worst atmosphere. The Gentiles had started showing their hatred against the Jewish population and this behaviour had affected the sentiments of this Jewish family. However, Isherwood has been trying to raise his concerns against the growing enmity in the city. The emergence of such bitterness is somewhat creating a negative impact. He has been dealing with people who are culturally different. For example, the novel includes an explanation of Christians and non-Christians, Communists and Nazi, rich and poor, homosexuals and heterosexuals, Jews and Gentiles and so on. Even though the city is associated with such recognised diversity, each of the groups tries to hide their actual desire. It is simply specifying the decay of the country after being devastated by the World War. It is important to note that Isherwood has been judging the city as an outsider. Eventually, he has to confront some of the unfolded events that have been creating significant impacts on city life. He has tried to utilise his perceptions to address the situational events he has been facing in this city. The unity between the people is however lost due to the shattered scenario of the post war period. On the contrary, due to this difference, both Peter and Isherwood are attracted towards the rich cultures of the city. In presenting the holistic view of the society, Isherwood has illustrated the clear picture of the political scenario, cultural diversity, and social aspects. At the beginning of the novel, Isherwood has presented his keen interests on teaching profession. Therefore, he started to teach English to earn his expenses. The regular living styles of other dwellers are also much inspiring for him. Goodbye to Berlin is considered as an insightful collection of stories, which portray the decline of the Berlin City. The personal experiences shared by Isherwood are the major dependence of this novel. He has created a fine line between fiction and biography. He has presented himself as the protagonist who has been sharing real experiences. Isherwood has structured the introduction portion in a skilled way. Because I have given my own name to me the I of this narrative, readers are certainly not entitled to assume that its pages are purely autobiographical, or that its characters are libellously exact portraits, of living persons; Christopher Isherwood is a convenient ventriloquists dummy, nothing more. However, the similarity in the aims is found when each of the characters is running to secure their lives. It is needless to say that Isherwood has mixed the different features of the diversified people who are well aware of their ideas. Isherwood himself follows some of the actions to some extent. It is noted that he has presented himself as a detached observer. This particular trait is described perfectly by the statement, I am a camera with its shutter open, quite passive, recording, not thinking. In the real scenario, it has been seen that Isherwood is surrounded with more people and events and serves as the medium of presenting perceptions. This particular novel is the collection of short stories. A number of debates are associated with this novel whatsoever. Isherwood has portrayed an image of rich society, which is full of fringe-dwellers. The characters featured in this novel have been struggling to connect their languages, status and cultural barriers. The social class is defined by explaining the colloquialisms and mannerisms in delivering the speeches. The sense of denial is also presented through a particular statement. Like everyone in Berlin, she refers continually to the political situation, but only briefly, with a conventional melancholy, as when one speaks of religion. It is quite unreal to her. She means to go to university, travel about, have a jolly good time and eventually, of course, marry. The essence of cultural attributes has been featured through this statement. One of the major significances of this novel is that Isherwood has presented the portraits of the normal people. These characters are sometime irrational and sometimes annoying, which is similar to the real life. The proper focus on the reality has made this literary work more real. The above discussion is representing the lifestyle of the society people in Berlin during the post World War period. This explanation differs from the society view of The Lonely Londoner. This particular novel describes the characterisation of the West Indian Immigrants who went to London and experienced the city life for the first time. Since, these West Indians did not experience city life previously; they became much fascinated about the city life in London. They even started dreaming of fulfilling their desires. They thought that London is a city, which will be leading them towards their aspirations. However, the reality is completely different to their expectation. London was also affected by the terrible World War like many other countries in Europe. Hence, there are challenges in securing a sustainable employment. Selvon, in his novel, The Lonely Londoners, has explained the condition of the immigrants whose expectations were broken by the ruthless reality. The West Indians had to face difficulties due to racism issues, climate, and poor living standards. In each step of their living, they had to face discriminative behaviour due to their different accent and the skin colour[9]. Due to the scarcity of work, they had to struggle harder for a job and afford their living. It is important to note that the cost of living was also different for the immigrants. People ought to struggle hard to achieve the living standards as per their expectations. If one seeks for a particular world of living, hard work is essential to make the person a member of that world. Selvon has been representing the world of the West Indian community. It is mainly describing the polarized vision of London city, which seeks for individuality. The West Indians are the people who survived with their hard works whereas other imm igrants faced the real challenges in London. In spite of struggling with such terrible scenario in London, the West Indians started formulating strategies to cope with the environment. It is already mentioned that these West Indians were much fascinated about their dreams, which they desired to fulfil in London. Hence, they started working on their dreams and tried to achieve success. They had to face the busy schedule of London city. It is needless to say that they had to face an enormous challenge to survive there. Selvon has portrayed the image of Gahalad, who was reluctant to accept the harsh reality. He tries to maintain his imaginative picture about the previous London City. Hence, the West Indians started to develop the satisfactory image of the streets and places of London. In the first place, they get the realisation of the busy schedule and the hardships associated with the city life. In such a scenario, it is very important to maintain individuality. The West Indians had to struggle to earn their living and it was important for them to find a secure place to sleep and work. They have to face all these hardships just to fulfil their dreams and they are not willing to give up. This scenario is completely different to the previous atmosphere, which was quite adjustable for the West Indians. Since, these West Indians speak the language with a different accent and possess a different skin colour; they are forced to form a different community in London[10]. They are even pushed to accept the principle of congregation via segregation. This trend is quite visible among the group of ethnic minorities. More specifically, for the black races, this issue has become much prominent. Hence, Moses has found the most illustrative way to segregate individualism by con sidering it as the lonely city. It is noted that London gradually became the city with multicultural atmosphere. It is even seen that the multicultural communities are forced to live in an isolated place. After all these consequences, the West Indians have started to realise that the image of London is far away from reality. This scenario even has created a negative impact on peoples sentiments. As a result, they wish to go back home. However, the economic obligation does not support this decision. They are not empowered with economic stability and they are forced to stay in London. At the first place, they set their aim to be economically independent. However, when reality strikes, they send the money home instead of getting settled to their natives. Moses and the other West Indian immigrants in London have started to cope with the cultural traits in London to reduce their feeling of homesickness. The Caribbean tradition serves as a chain to hold them together whereas they are separated from the other communities due to such traditions. The immigrants have started to utilize their tradition for the different purposes. For instance, Calypso is taken as the source of comfort. They usually gather together to discuss about their natives and families. The basement room is the usual place for such meeting and conversation. Sometimes, they are engaged to some of the meaningless gossips. They even talk about their future. It is somewhat helpful for them to minimise their anxiety regarding their homesickness. They are bound to stay here, as they do not have the economic stability to go back to their native places. However, London has become their motherland through such way. London is ever considered as one of the most recognizable places for the immigrants. Their experiences change their viewpoints of the city. People generally have a miss conception about the fact that London is one of the most prestigious places in the World. Most of the West Indians hesitate to visit London, as they remain confused to reveal of nature. Moses is not exceptional to that. After the Second World War, the economic stability of this city was not stable. As a result, people had to struggle immensely to collect their bread and butter. Situation became out of control. Throughout the entire novel, the novelist has highlighted the pangs and pathos of life in a metaphorical sense. An implicit comparison has been presented between the people and their hardships. In the novel, the Life of Londoner, the novelist has dealt with the subject in such a way that the people of West India can relate their life. The effect of post World War had a greater influence on the mind and psychology of the people south Indians as well. The social, economical and political condition had to face a disastrous consequence. People had to struggle twice in order to earn their food. Therefore, this particular story has depicted a vivid vista of the economic condition of the-then society. The scenic description of the entire novel is truly commendable. The residents of London were always craving for summer. The view of white women in swimwear is beautifully described in this novel. In order to make a comparative analysis between the two novels, Goodbye to Berlin and the Life of London, it can be pointed out that both novels are equally interesting from different perspectives. The lifestyle of the upper classes society and their way of leaving has wonderfully presented in Goodbye to Berlin. People in order to enjoy the mundane affairs do not hesitate to become involved in any kind of homosexual relationship. The relationship between Otto and Peter has presented this vista. The overarching term homosexuality represents the source of pleasure and luxury. The author wants to portray that human beings always tend to run behind luxury and wealth. Therefore, they never hesitate to deal with an unknown person in order to lead a luxurious life. In comparison to Goodbye to Berlin, the message in the Life of Londoner is completely different. The pangs and pathos in the life of human is the primary message of this novel. Conclusion It is truly difficult to lead a life without the assistance of a nearest and dearest one. Therefore, in order to lead a successful life, people have to overcome innumerable barriers. This scenario has been highlighting the prominent picture of reality. The hardships that the human beings have to face in their regular life have been portrayed more skilfully. Furthermore, the different scenarios of the city life after the world war have been presented through these two cities. The struggles of the human being are also aptly shown in these two texts. Hence, it can be concluded that the experiences in both in Berlin and London are quite devastating. The dream of achieving the economic stability for a respectful life is the major aim for each of the residents. The discriminations and the formulation of the separate community have become the centre aspect in this regards. References Bentley, Nick, "Black London: The Politics Of Representation In Sam Selvon's The Lonely Londoners",Wasafiri, 18 (2003), 41-45 https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690050308589846 Carr, Jamie M,Queer Times(New York: Routledge, 2006) Forysch, Judith,From A Sexual Mecca To The City Of Doom - Signs Of A Lost Society In Selected Novels By Christopher Isherwood(Munich: GRIN Verlag GmbH, 2007) Freeman, Chris, "Christopher Isherwood And The Limits Of Camp",Modernism/modernity, 23 (2016), 14-17 https://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mod.2016.0022 GILBERT, PAUL, "New Issues: Goodbye To Berlin?",Journal of Applied Philosophy, 26 (2009), 107-111 https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5930.2009.00417.x Isherwood, Christopher,Christopher And His Kind(Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2001) Mandaville, Peter G,Global Political Islam(London: Routledge, 2007) Phillips, Lawrence,London Narratives(London: Continuum, 2006) Procter, James,Dwelling Places(Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003) Selvon, Samuel,The Lonely Londoners(London: Penguin, 2006)

Secondary Science Teacher Career Analyis Essays - Educational Stages

Secondary Science Teacher Career Analyis Secondary Science Teacher Career Analysis Introduction After obtaining a bachelors degree in science, most people begin to scour the job market. Many people may find difficulty obtaining a job pertaining to science without a master's degree. Rather than give up people tend to explore their options. Some people continue their education to ensure their success in the science industry. Others explore alternative careers which interest them. Another option is to share the knowledge obtained in four years of college by teaching in a middle or high school setting. Each option is better suited for different individuals. Many people cannot go to graduate school for one reason or another. Maybe they do not have the financial means, or they lack the time needed to complete the program. Others choose not to change career fields because science is their main interest and prefer to stick with it. Some choose not to teach because it does not interest them or because they do not know enough about it. Due to the high demand of secondary education teachers, often people choose this option. In the late 1990's, the majority of high school students were not taught science by science teachers. The students were instead taught science by teachers who normally taught other subjects (?20 Hot?). That has not changed much in the new millennium. The need for secondary school teachers continues to rise and is not expected to decline in the near future. It is currently listed in the top five for occupations with the most job openings. Many states are also expecting a significant rise in the number of teachers they are going to employ. The average salary for a secondary educator ranges from $19,700 to $70,030 a year (United States). $35,750 is the customary income for first year secondary teachers according to the Economic Research Institute. However, the Bureau of Labor statistics claims that the usual starting salary is $36,600 (?Secondary?). Conversely, $25,700 is the national standard for beginning secondary teachers according to the American Federation of Teachers (United States). And the income for private school secondary educators varies greatly. Some private schools offer free room and board and other offers included as the salary so a comparison is often difficult. Teachers are more likely to receive raises after they have been teaching at the same school district for more than a year. Coaching athletic teams and teaching extracurricular activities also increases pay. Obtaining a master's degree or Ph.D also increase a secondary school science teacher's salary. On average, a public school teacher with a master's degree earns $44,525, and with a Ph.D it is increased even more to $49,125 for a beginning teacher (?Secondary?). But those are not the only reasons science majors decide to teach secondary education. Through the exploration of the definition of a science teacher and the job description, the skills needed to be successful, interests and values desired, future trends, advantages, and drawbacks of the profession you will see why teaching science is a feasible possibility many people majoring in science are beginning to choose. COLLECTED DATA DEFINITION OF A SECONDARY SCIENCE TEACHER The first aspect of a teaching profession a person interested in teaching science in a middle or high school setting must do is examine the definition of not only a science teacher but also secondary teacher in general. It is also necessary to assess the daily tasks and duties involved in secondary teaching. Job Description A secondary school teacher can teach seventh through twelfth grades. Many educators teach either middle or high school but it is not limited to a specific grade level. Secondary teachers must present course materials by providing a lecture, using audio-visual aids, and assigning homework. In addition to actually teaching material, a secondary teacher must also evaluate students through observation and discuss the findings with the student, the student's parents, and other involved teachers or administrators. Teachers must also supervise the students at all times and maintain proper behavior in the classroom through the use of guidance and discipline (?Secondary?). Most states also require teachers to hold a certification from the state. Daily Tasks and Duties There are a variety of tasks and duties that must be performed by a secondary teacher. Some

Report of Antigone Essay Example

Report of Antigone Paper Being the third, yet first written, of Sophocles Theban tragic myths, Antigone was written in or around 441 B. C. The setting of Antigone occurs in the palace of Thebes. Thebes is ruled by Creon, whose sister, Jocasta, was the wife and mother of infamous Oedipus Rex. Oedipus was King of Thebes until he expelled himself from the kingdom, leaving his children Polynices, Ismene, Eteocles, and Antigone, along with the throne, in Creons care. The two brothers Polynices and Eteocles die as opposing fighters in a war for the throne. Creon declares that since Polynices brought about he war, he will not have the honorable and traditional burial that his brother has been granted. Rather, his body and remains will be left for the vultures and wild dogs to tear apart. Defying Creons rules, Antigone takes it upon herself to give her brother a proper burial. Antigone expresses her desire to Ismene, who declines Antigones request in help; she carries out the respectable ceremony by herself. Back at the palace in Thebes, Creon is notified by a guard that Polynices body has been buried. Creon demands that the lawbreaker be brought to him and punished. We will write a custom essay sample on Report of Antigone specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Report of Antigone specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Report of Antigone specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Not too long after Creons order, Antigone is brought to the palace with the guard, having been found weeping at Polynices grave. Antigone proudly takes responsibility in having carried out her brothers burial. Antigone is to be punished for her crime. Haemon, Creons son and Antigones fianc? ©, tries to persuade Creon into reconsidering Antigones fate. Instead Haemon ends up angering Creon and losing his trust; Antigone will still be punished. Haemon vows that he will never see his father again. After Antigone is lead away to be imprisoned in a cave, a blind and wise prophet named Teiresias visits Creon and warns him of his possible fate. Because of his unjustness, Creon will lose one child for leaving Polynices body unburied, and for wrongly imprisoning Antigone. This prophecy comes to pass when Haemon commits suicide after finding Antigone hanging by a noose in the cave. Along with this, Creons wife also kills herself. Pertaining to the thesis, or theme, of this story, I feel that the meaning is Justice. Antigone refuses to obey Creons law, even while knowing the consequences. She stood firm and atoned for her actions because they were what she believed in. Though its arguable if she was wrong or not, she accepted the consequences in full. When being trialed by Creon, Antigone states this: And what law of heaven have I transgressed? Why, hapless one, should I look to the gods any more, what ally should I invoke, when by pity I have earned the name of impious? Nay, then, if these things are pleasing to the gods, when I have suffered my doom, I shall come to know my sin; but if the sin is with my Judges, I could wish them no fuller measure of evil than they, on their part, made wrongfully to me. From this I interpreted that she had seen no wrong in her doings. Creons law isnt what she believed to be that of the righteous gods and that their Judgment is what atters most. Since the beginning of the book, it was questioned whether Creons declaration the kingdom for the throne, but another thing to consider is whether everyone, including Polynices, is entitled to be properly taken care of after death. But I cherish good hope that my coming will be welcome to my father, and pleasant to thee, my mother, and welcome, brother, to thee; for, when ye died, with mine own hands I washed and dressed you, and prepared drink-offerings at your graves; and now, Polynices, tis for tending thy corpse that I win such recompense as this. Not only were Antigones defiance in burying her brother unheard of, but so was the fact that she was a rebelling woman. Women were expected to obey and have little to no rights. To be so disobedient and free willed may have been threatening to Creon and his position in authority. Similar acts of rebellion and courageous women can be seen in history. Women such as Susan B. Anthony, who supported the right for women to vote, have similar attributes to Antigone. Susan believed that all women were equal to men, and she knew the Justice in that being true. Along with Susan B. Anthony is a woman named Rosa Parks, who saw that it was unjust for African Americans to be unlawfully required to sit at the back of the bus, while white- skinned people were not. Rosa addressed this problem by sitting at the front of the bus and refusing to move when asked. Throughout the whole story, Antigone is keen on doing what is Just. In the end, when Antigone has accepted her fate, she declares: It seems fair to me to die doing it must please those below a longer time than people here, for there I shall lie there forever Bibliography Antigone; Sophocles- Prestwick House, Inc. ; 2005 edition (December 1 , 2005) Page 40

Venus in Furs Book Review

'Venus in Furs' Book Review Not many writers have the distinction or the notoriety of having a psycho-sexual term named after them. The astonishing and ingenious sexual cruelties in the Marquis de Sades works, particularly in The 120 Days of Sodom, have made his name a byword, and in 1890 the German psychiatrist Richard von Krafft-Ebing introduced the word sadism into medical terminology (even though the sole manuscript of The 120 Days of Sodom had yet to be discovered and published, the full fury of which would wildly intensify the meaning of the term). Historian and Progressive Thinker Fittingly in the shadow of the overpowering de Sade, the Austrian writer Leopold von Sacher-Masoch inspired the term for sadism’s flip-side, masochism, which was also introduced by Krafft-Ebing. Von Sacher-Masoch was a historian, folklorist, collector of stories, and progressive thinker, but even though he produced dozens of books in any number of genres, he’s almost solely known for his infamous novella Venus in Furs (its the only work translated into English). Initially meant to be part of an epic novel-sequence called (Sacher-Masoch abandoned that plan after a few volumes), Venus in Furs was published as the fourth part of the first book, which was entitled, Love. Each book was named after one of the â€Å"evils† that Cain introduced into the world, and with this underlying premise- that love is an evil- von Sacher-Masoch reveals a seriously uneasy view of human relations. Venus in Furs - Beginnings The book starts with an epigraph from the Bibles book of Judith, which narrates the story of a clever and powerful woman beheading Holofernes, an Assyrian general. An unnamed narrator, then, opens the book with a strange dream of an icy Venus, who wears furs and who leads a philosophical discussion about how women’s cruel nature increases mans desire. When the narrator awakens, he goes to meet with his friend Severin, to whom he relates his dream. ​ Introducing Severin Severin is a strange and sober man who at times, the narrator relates, had violent attacks of sudden passion and gave the impression of being about to ram his head right through a wall.† Noticing a painting in Severins room depicting a northern Venus who wears furs and holds a lash that she uses to subjugate a man who is clearly a younger Severin himself, the narrator wonders aloud if the painting perhaps inspired his dream. After a short discussion, a young woman enters to bring tea and food for the pair, and to the narrator’s astonishment, a very slight offense on the woman’s part causes Severin to berate, whip, and chase her from the room. Explaining that you have to â€Å"break† a woman rather than let her break you, Severin produces a manuscript from his desk that tells how he was ostensibly â€Å"cured† of his obsession with being dominated by women. Confessions of a Suprasensual Man Entitled â€Å"Confessions of a Suprasensual Man,† this manuscript comprises all but the last few pages of the rest of the novel. Entering into this frame, the narrator (and the reader) finds Severin at a Carpathian health resort where he meets and falls in love with a woman named Wanda, with whom he draws up and signs a contract that makes him her legal slave and gives her full power over him. At first, because she seems to like him and enjoys his company, Wanda shies away from the degradations that Severin asks her to subject him to, but as she slowly allows herself to take up her dominant role, she takes greater pleasure in torturing him and increasingly grows to despise him for how he allows her to treat him. Leaving the Carpathian mountains for Florence, Wanda makes Severin dress and act like a common servant, forcing him to sleep in disgusting quarters and keeping him isolated from her company unless needed to serve some whim or another. These changes make Severin feel the palpable reality of his desires- a reality that he was in no way prepared for- but although he loathes his detestable new position, he finds himself unable to resist (and to keep from requesting) new humiliations. At times Wanda offers to put an end to their game  because she still has feelings of affection toward him, but those feelings fade as her mantle of power gives her free rein to use Severin for her increasingly twisted devices. The breaking point comes when Wanda finds a nearly superhuman lover in Florence and decides to make Severin subject to him as well. Unable to bear subjugation to another man, Severin ultimately finds himself â€Å"cured† of his need to be dominated by women. Telescoping back to the novel’s outer frame, the narrator, who’s seen Severin’s current cruelty toward women, asks him for â€Å"the moral† to all of this, and Severin answers that a woman can only be a man’s slave or despot, adding the caveat that this imbalance can only be remedied â€Å"when she has the same rights as he and is his equal in education and work.† This egalitarian last touch squares with von Sacher-Masoch’s socialist leanings, but clearly the events and stresses of the novel- which were mirrored closely in von Sacher-Masoch’s personal life, both before and after writing it- prefer wallowing in inequity much more that eradicating it. And this has been the novel’s main appeal for readers ever since. Unlike the works of the great de Sade, which soar as striking feats of both writing and imagination, Venus in Furs is much more of a literary curio than an artistic piece of literature. Its symbolic orders are muddled; its philosophical excursions are both ponderous and corny; and although its characters are vivid and memorable, they too often fall into â€Å"types† rather than exist as fully explored individuals. Still, it’s a curious and often enjoyable read, and whether you take it as literature or as psychology- or as erotica- there’s no question that this book’s whip will leave a distinct mark on your imagination.

Analysis of Aphids by Giving Reference to Their Living Habits, Food Research Paper

Analysis of Aphids by Giving Reference to Their Living Habits, Food Pattern - Research Paper Example Among the known 4,400 species of 10 families, some species of aphids have asexual reproduction capability. Among the identified species, around 250 are most destructive pest causing threats to agriculture, forestry, and gardening. Aphids generally vary in length from 1 to 10 millimetres. Predatory ladybirds, hoverfly larvae, crab spiders, aphid midge larvae, lacewings, and Entomophthorales are some of the natural enemies of aphids. This paper will deeply analyze about aphids by giving reference to their living habits, food pattern, and special effects in nature and plants. The basic classification about aphids indicates that they include to the Kingdom-Animalia, Phylum-Arthropoda, Class- Insecta, Order-Hemiptera, and Family-Aphididae. Last year, my colleagues and I had a trip to a reserve park in the Sepulveda basin wildlife reserve. The trip was greatly helpful for us to understand more about aphids, their life circulation, and their impacts on nature. Non-native invasive weeds and trees are not allowed in that area (Sepulveda Basin Wildlife Reserve). While examining aphid symbioses, and mutualism and bacterial endosymbiosis are two important phenomena to be considered. It is observed that some farming ant species collect and protect aphid eggs in their nests over the whole winter and bring back the newly hatched aphids back to the plant (Aphid). In turn, the farming ants feed the honeydew released by the aphids due to the terminations of their alimentary canals. A similar relation is seen between daring ants and aphids. In addition, an endosymbiosis with micro-organism is common insects; with almost 10% insects including many aphid species largely depend upon intracellular bacteria for their growth and survival. The most important feature of the living habits of aphids is that they live in large groups and don’t migrate to other regions unless it is absolutely necessary.  

What Makes Right Acts Right and Wrong Acts Wrong Essay

What Makes Right Acts Right and Wrong Acts Wrong - Essay Example This antagonism emanates from the fact that the owners of such sites hold the opinion that they are just displaying public documents, which can in turn make the public make informed choices while dealing with the individuals in question (Segal, n.p.). However, the affected individuals, whose mug shots appears on such sites are feeling offended, considering that some of them could not have committed any wrong, and they were cleared by the authorities of any wrongdoing. Therefore, the consistent display of their mug shots is tantamount to defamation, considering that they may not have been guilty of an offence, and even for those who could have been guilty, they may have transformed their lives. This is issue raises a fundamental ethical question of right or wrong, since the display of the mug shots is benefiting some individuals, such as the owners of the mug shot sites, the search engines and the partnering financial service companies, while causing grave harm to the individuals whos e photographs are being displayed (Segal, n.p.). The utilitarian approach to answering â€Å"what makes right acts right and wrong acts wrong† According to the utilitarian approach, the right action is that which, amongst the entire available alternatives, is most likely to maximize the overall utility, in the form of happiness and absence of suffering (Jack, 437).The main ethical issue the article raises is whether stopping the publication of the mug shots on the mug shot sites would be right or wrong. The other ethical dilemma raised by the article is whether stopping the publication of the mug shots would be beneficial or detrimental to the public. Therefore, in regard to the case above, the utilitarian approach will consider that; since publishing mug shots of individuals who may have previously been booked by the authorities serves to deny such individuals the maximum overall utility; by denying them happiness and causing them dissatisfaction, then, it is wrong to publis h the mug shots in the sites. However, this position may not be agreeable to all the utilitarian advocates, since by failing to publish such mug shots on the mug shot sites, some individuals are also being denied maximum utility, happiness and satisfaction, which they could derive from publishing the mug shots. Therefore, the utilitarians will disagree on the issue of which alternative between publishing and removing mug shots from the sites creates more happiness and satisfaction (Hare, 117). For example, the owners of the mug shot sites will be denied happiness and satisfaction, since they will not get the money they obtain from individuals seeking to have their mug shots removed. This will in turn cause them dissatisfaction and unhappiness. However, considering that the number of the owners of the mug shot sites stands at around 80, while there are over 1.6 million mug shots printed in the sites, it is apparent that much harm is caused to the individuals whose mug shots are publi shed, thus making the option of stopping the publication of the mug shots the right alternative, amongst the rest. The deontological approach to answering â€Å"what makes right acts right and wrong acts wrong† The deontological approach to what is right or wrong is guided by the principle that; an action could be right or morally correct, even though there are still other alternatives that produces overall better consequences (Singer, 232). Therefore, according to the deontological a

Small Group Team Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Small Group Team - Essay Example A team that has historically been known for its slick passing game, Arsenal, an English football club based in London have recently come under a lot of scrutiny for underperforming, for which miscommunication amongst the players has been cited as a major issue. Having seen a season where they remained unbeatable and were crowned the champion of English football in 2003/2004, Arsenal has been devoid of any silverware in English football since 2005. The period following their epoch of glory has been marked by established players leaving the club and new faces coming in. This reshuffling has resulted in a lag in performance as it has taken time for the new players to settle in. On the 26th of February Arsenal’s match against Tottenham Hotspurs provided some interesting insight on the team’s communication dynamics. Even though Arsenal won the game 5-2, a number of gaps were evident in the team dynamics that the squad needs to work on. .   Arsenal’s performance in r ecent times has been marred by a lack of leadership, especially after a number of star performers had left. This lack of a figurehead has been clinical in Arsenal’s poor performance this season. ... Before their match with Tottenham, the team was seen warming up on the ground. A particular pattern was noticeable, about half of the team was warming up around the captain in the form of a circle and all of them were facing him. Even though this practice was individual in nature as every player was warming up on his own yet their positions unintentionally reaffirmed their faith in their captain. This was followed by the captain dispatching instructions and sharing a strategy with all the players. Interestingly, the captain had 2 or 3 senior players standing by his side while having the pre-match team talk with the younger players. When the match started Arsenal conceded two quick goals, both of them caused by defensive lapses. After the first goal one of the senior defenders was seen talking loudly to one of the younger players, while the goal keeper looked at his defenders frustratingly with his hands on his back. This behavior was noticeable especially among the senior-to-junior p layer interaction and continued till Arsenal leveled the scores and the team got a necessary morale boost. The captain’s behavior during all of this offers a different perspective, he was seen patting the head of the young player as a sign of encouragement and constantly trying to lift the team spirit up by chanting cheers. As a positive, the players were seen lauding each other after a good tackle was made or a close shot on goal was attempted. It is important to understand that football being a team game requires equal amounts of effort and commitment from each player. A weak link can cause the whole team’s efforts to go in vain. This is perhaps why some of the more experienced players are seen castigating some of the more ambitious young players

The Classical Hollywood Studio System

The Classical Hollywood Studio System The Hollywood studio era can be traced back to the beginning of sound in film. The first feature film with sound was The Jazz Singer (1927), directed by Alan Crosland based on a play by Samson Raphaelson. In the period of the silent cinema, the cinema itself was considered a technological marvel. But like all technologies, the inventors needed to find ways to sell their products, and seen as a large business potential, nickelodeons, through numerous theatres around America, laid down the basis of the Hollywood cinema. The golden age of Hollywood of course began with the introduction of sound in film and theatre, a big investment for the studios. With the approach of the US Recession in the early 1930s (in fact it was still felt until 1938) the studios looked for financial back-up by Banking Giants, the Wall Street which led to the total control of the studios by bankers and businessmen. Between the 1920s and the late 1940s Hollywood cinema was an oligopoly dominated by the Big Five: Paramount, MGM, Warner Brothers, FOX and RKO which were vertically integrated and also the Little Tree: Universal, Columbia and United Artists. Throughout this period, Hollywood was in a mass mode of production, it was heavily capitalised, it used precision machinery, employing thousands of workers(over 33000 people) and it had a centralised management. The modes of production continuously changed since 1895. There was the cameraman system (1895-1906), in which the film was shot and distributed by cameramen, the Director System (1907-1909), the Director-unit (1909-1914), a Central Producer System (1914-1930), a Producer-Unit System (1930-1945), and Package-Unit System (1945-1955). As the banks and businessmen took over the studios, it was clear that the most important aspect to them was that the films produced needed to be created for economical purposes. The studios began to look like b ig factories with the division of labour on the studio lot with 33000 people in production and over 133000 people in the industry. They had a story department, unit department, an assistant director department, art department, various workshops and wardrobe departments and many more. Paramount Pictures, considered one of the defining studios of the classical era was founded by Adolph Zukor, as an investor, he saw that the films were being enjoyed by the working class people, mainly immigrants. By the 1920s the studio expanded to an industry colossus with theatrical chains of 2000 screens and two production studios. . During the Depression period Paramount went near bankruptcy but in the late 1930s under Barney Balaban, Paramount became one of the biggest and most important of the Big Five. They released over 60 films a year and with the rise of sound in cinema, numerous stars were born: Gary Cooper, Mae West, Marlene Dietrich, Miriam Hopkins, Claudette Colbert, Dorothy Lamour, Carole Lombard, Bing Crosby and the Marx Brothers. Metro-Golden-Mayer was founded in 1924 and by 1940s it was considered the one to dominate the industry. Marcus Loew bought Metro Pictures Corporation in 1916 and Goldwyn Pictures in 1917 and in 1924 he bought Mayer Pictures. The producer Luis B, Mayer was made vice-president and head of studio operations in California, along with Irving Thalberg and Harry Rapf. MGM was considered a producer studio, there films were glamorous and they were considered quality productions. The studio was a star vehicle with names like William Haines , John Gilbert, Norma Shearer , Greta Garbo, and Joan Crawford, but they also had names hired from other studios like: Wallace Beery, Lon Chaney, William Powell and Buster Keaton. In the 1930s new stars were added: Jean Harlow, Robert Montgomery, Clark Gable, Myrna Loy, Nelson Eddy and Jeanette MacDonald. Warner Bros. was the first studio to introduce sound. The Jazz Singer (1927) was the first talking film and began to expand by acquiring large studios in Burbank and several important stars. While MGM was making start stuttering lavishing dramas, and musicals, Paramount made films about decadence, Warners was combining different genres: the gangster movies, backstage musicals and romantic adventure films. The way to identify a Warner Bros. film from other studios way in the way of the production value and a unique visual style (simple sets and low-key lighting) Sets at Warners were customarily bare and workmanlikeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦The scale of a film could be judged by its budget, and in 1932 the average production cost per feature at Warners was estimated at $200,000, lowest of the majors except for Columbia ($175,000): MGM by comparison, averaged $450,000 (Campbell, 1971, p. 2). With the introduction of color, the studio began to flourish. Thorough 1929-1931, Warners, were producing a staggering number of colored films, the majority being musicals. After associating musicals with color, the studio began to abandon it, and instead turned to a more social realistic storyline, the gangster films. Films like: I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang (1932), Little Caesar (1930), The Public Enemy (1931) G-Men (1935), Racket Busters (1938) etc. 20th Century-Fox was created through the merging of Fox Film Corporation and Twentieth Century Pictures. The studios stars did not compare with the likes of MGM, Warner or Paramount, but FOX managed to produce some A-grade films like The Grapes of Wrath (1940) the most expensive adaptation of that time- who won 2 Oscars, Thanks A Million (1935) with stars like: Shirley Temple and Will Rogers. RKO was formed in the beginning of sound in film and the stars working for the studio were: Cary Grant, musical team Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers: In The Gay Divorcee (1934), Top Hat (1934) ETC. The most famous films at RKO were King Kong (1933) and Citizen Kane (1941). With every other Studio being associating with a genre, KRO didnt have any specific genre. The way to understand Hollywoods peculiarity as a mass entertainment industry the dream factory is through the couplet of standardisation/differentiation. The studios can be compared by classical narrative, genre and stars. The cult of the movie star, fostered by the money of the film industry, preserves not the unique aura of the person but the spell of personality, the phony spell of a commodity (Walter Benjamin, The Work of Art in the Age of Technical Reproducibility 1935). According to Benjamin the stars are human beings turned into a commodity, a product that can be sold and reproduced for economic purposes. According to John Ellis a star is A performer in a particular medium whose figure enters into subsidiary forms of circulation and then feeds back into future performances (Ellis, 1982, p. 1). Joan Crawford is the ideal example for a star. I never go out unless I look like Joan Crawford the movie star. If you want to see the girl next door, go next door (Joan Crawford). John Belton suggests that: A stars persona [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] differs from that of an actor. For an actor, the persona provides a primary mask, which disguises the real person underneath. For a star, the persona includes the actors persona as well as the stars persona. (John Belton, 6). The star is a product, an investment. They must have the power to be identified with a particular type of film; many stars will only play in particular genres bearing the same persona: for example thorough the 1930s Joan Crawford was always playing vulnerable roles. By being in the centre of attention, stars always portrayed cinemas ability to show the passing of time (the mortality). Greta Garbo had a successful transition from silent film to sound, and she received an Oscar nomination for Anna Christie (1930), her first talkie. But Garbo wanted to be considered an ageless star. She didnt need to act in front of the camera; her natural looks and presence differentiated her from anyone else. Because she wanted to be seen as a myth, forever remembered as a beautiful and talented ageless star, she quit Hollywood after just 21 years in the business. Almost every Hollywood studio was associated with a specific type of genre; MGM had musicals and dramas, Warner Bros. Had gangster films, Universal had its share of horror films. Although different genres, they fallowed the same classical narrative structure. Problems arose in the beginning of the film and they must be solved in order to restore the balance in the world. To identify a genre we must look at their components. For example a western genre has elements, symbols to identify that world: for ex, there are sheriffs, outlaws and also the wilderness. Different genre requires different types of stars. In Warners gangster films the stars were associated with working class people, the only predominant audience left after the Great Depression. As they watched these movies they were attracted by the attack on the government and Warners profited from it. This may be considered an ideology. All the genres presented an idea, a ritual. All the studios had their own stars, they followed the same modes of production but the difference here is that on economic restraints the production quality of the studios differed from studio to studio. MGM had lavishing productions even with low budgets. A great example is Grand Hotel (1932) with an all star cast and just one massive set. Universal for their horror film used low key lighting, minimal sound and small sets, but the way in which they used low angle shots to mask the cheapness of the sets is impressive. To give a sense of depth to films like Dracula (1931), Universal brought along cinematographer Karl Freud, who worked on Metropolis (1927), to give the film a German expressionist style. As Hitchcock was begging to direct classical Hollywood films like Rebecca (1940), Psycho (1960), Vertigo (1958) etc., and putting his own stamp on them through its in camera editing he did not want control from his producer. During the producer-unit system the films were collaboratively made by different classes of labours, and they didnt have an individual artistic signature. They were controlled by the producer or the producer-director in some cases and not by the director. The strong director imposes his own personality on a film [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦]. The auteur theory values the personality of a director precisely because of the barriers to its expression (The American Cinema (Andrew Sarris, The American Cinema 1968, p31). A director like Alfred Hitchcock produces a rupture or a change in the narrative, so he can put its mark, to make the film individual and personal. The same thing can be said about Orson Welles who produced, directed and starred in his own production Citizen Kane (1941) with ought any constraints from the head office. Casting his own actors, with a closed set and his individualism it came out to be one of the greatest films of all times.

Capital Punishment Essays -- essays research papers

Capital punishment is necessary in order for justice to prevail. Capital punishment is the execution of criminals for committing crimes, so bad that this is the only acceptable punishment. Capital punishment lowers the murder rate, but its value as retribution alone is a good reason for handing out death sentences. It is one of the only fair punishments allowed by the judicial system. Another issue is that it saves money compared to the alternative of life in prison.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1972, in the case of Furman vs. Georgia, declared capital punishment cruel and unusual punishment. However after the Supreme Court Decision of Gregg vs. Georgia, the Supreme Court said that capital punishment was not unconstitional and the capital punishment resumed under new guidelines.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are seven main types of execution: Hanging, where the prisoner is blindfolded and stands on a trap door, with a rope around his neck. The trap door is opened suddenly. The weight of the prisoner's body below the neck causes traction separating the spinal cord from the brain. The second most widely used technique is shooting, where a firing quad shoots the prisoner from some meters away. Another method is Guillotine, a device consisting of a heavy blade held aloft between upright guides and dropped to behead the victim below. Then there was Garroting, in which a tightened iron collar is used to strangle or break the neck of a condemned person. One of the more r...

Explain what is SWOT

McDonald's possesses good market share. It has the largest fast food market shares in the world with outlets from over 100 different countries. Heavily Invested In advertising, McDonald's spends almost $2 billion In advertisements yearly. Customers are aware of McDonald's latest promotion and products from TV commercial, leaflets and signboards. In addition, McDonald's has a superior reputation. Its brand recognition is valued at $40 billion.Every age group has heard of and knows about McDonald's. Furthermore, it is highly owned by independent franchise. More than 80% of McDonald's' restaurants are operated by franchise, allowing the restaurants to improve their service systems. Lastly, McDonald's targets at children by serving a vast variety of kids' meals which are complimented with different popular toys. Many restaurants also have a segmented play area for children. 2. 2 Weakness Howard Crawford (May 201 3) has also shared the following weaknesses of McDonald's restaurants.Unheal thy food menu Is a weakness as McDonald's main menu is burgers, fries and coke. McDonald's Is said to disrupt the eating habit of people especially the youngsters. Another weakness of McDonald's its negative publicity as it has always received negative remarks for its workers' bad service, creating environmental problems such as using environmentally unfriendly materials for its packaging and infringing animal rights. For example, using chickens from chicken farms whose reputation on treating their animals is questionable.Low differentiation is yet another weakness. Other brands of fast food restaurants such as Burger King and Wend's serve about the same type of menu as McDonald's. 2. 3 Opportunity Howard Crawford (May 201 3) commented that McDonald's has tried to expand Its customers base by entering Into new and popular products. MacAfee offers premium coffees, smoothies and cakes to attract more customers and to retain its existing New, healthier food items have been incorporated into McDonald's menu in a bid to attract more consumers.Corn cups, apple dippers and apple Juice have been introduced as a healthier alternative to the unhealthy fries and soft drinks. In the future, McDonald's can consider serving baked potatoes, cherry tomatoes or even whole meal biscuit for the healthy-conscious consumers. McDonald's can consider expansion into foreign markets. Although McDonald's is the world largest fast food restaurant, some countries like Vietnam, Jamaica and Yemen still do not have McDonald's in their countries. It can also consider expanding the area of its home meal delivery service.Most area n Singapore has McDonald's delivery service but countries like UK still does not have a delivery service. 2. 4 Threats Increasing societal focuses on healthy eating may be a threat to McDonald's (Howard Crawford, May 2013) as more people increasing more health conscious of eating healthy food which could in turn, reduce the demand for fast food. Competitor pressure i n developed countries is another threat. There are already many fast food restaurants like Burger King & Wendy in developed countries. It is very difficult for McDonald to achieve large financial growth in this overcrowded market.

Seasonality of White-Tailed Deer essays

Seasonality of White-Tailed Deer essays Deer are one of the most abundant mammals on earth. Their capability to adapt easily to the environment around them allows deer populations to prosper. Because deer can meet their needs in almost any ecological area, they are a numerous species. Although they can be found almost anywhere in the world, white-tailed deer are mainly found in the Western Hemisphere. Ranging from southern Canada to South America, white-tailed deer inhabit a large geographical area. White-tailed deer experience dramatic changes in their surrounding environment and in their own biology during the course of a year. More specifically, deer express very noticeable changes in their diet, their antlers, and their coat or pelage as the seasons change. The white-tailed deers changes allow them to survive through the fluctuations in temperature and available food sources that occur over the year. Because they are able to adapt to the seasonal changes taking place in their environment, white-tailed deer are able to survive, reproduce, and prosper. Because White-tailed deer have such high metabolisms, they require very large amounts of food. A deer weighing 100 to 150 pounds needs four to six pounds (6,300 to 9,900 calories) of high quality food daily to meet its nutritional needs (Hiller 18). In order to meet their daily food requirements, deer spend most of their time eating and searching for food. The types and amounts of foods that deer eat vary depending on the quality of the food and the current season. During the summer, fields flourish with new growth and forests are abundant with young, growing shoots. Because the summer is a time of abundance, deer have a wide range of food sources. Although scientists and researchers are unable to explain a deers ability to choose the most nutritious food, it is well documented that deer seem to choose food that is best for them (Nelson 35). Because the most nutritious p...

Hermes, God of the Word

Hermes, God of the Word Hermes, God of the Word Hermes, God of the Word By Maeve Maddox In Greek myth Hermes [hà »rmÄ“z], son of Zeus [zÃ… «s] and Maia [mÄ Ã‰â„¢, mÄ «Ã‰â„¢], was not just the patron god of thieves, merchants, and boundaries. He was also a god of science, art, speech, eloquence, and writing. Hermesson of Zeus and Maia, which is, of mind and sense. For the word is engendered from mind and sense. On account of this they also make him winged, as if to be swift. For nothing is swifter than a word. And [that is why] Homer [says] winged words. Suidas [syÃ… «Ã„ ­dÉ™s], Greek lexicographer. Hermes and the goddess Aphrodite [ÄÆ'frÉ™dÄ «tÄ“] had a son whose name is a combination of theirs: Hermaphroditos [hÉ™r-mÄÆ'frÉ™-dÄ «tÉ™s]. According to Ovid in his Metamorphoses, this son of Hermes was attacked and raped by an unconventional naiad (female nature spirit) named Salmacis. The attackers prayer that they not be parted resulted in the permanent fusion of their two bodies. Most of the stories in Metamorphoses[mÄ•tÉ™-mà ´rfÃ… -sÄ“z] are retellings of traditional tales, but Ovid probably made up the story about Salmacis [sÄÆ'l-mÄ sÄ ­s]. Another name for Hermes, or a perhaps a god derived from him, is Hermes Trismegistus[trÄ ­smÉ™-jÄ ­stÉ™s, trÄ ­z-] Hermes Thrice-blessed. This concept of Hermes was a combination of the Greek god and Thoth [thÃ… th, tÃ… t], the Egyptian god of wisdom. Various magical and alchemical writings came to be associated with Hermes Trismegistus who, it was believed, invented a magic seal to keep air out of vessels containing magical compounds. We owe several English words to Hermes: herm [hà »rm] a four-sided pillar used to mark boundaries. Sometimes it was surmounted by the head of the god. hermetic [hÉ™r-mÄ•tÄ ­k] an adjective meaning airtight or impervious to outside influences. The adverb is hermetically. The word is used both literally and figuratively: The scientist closed the flask with a hermetic seal. The survivalist compound was a a hermetic community, insulated from the world at large. hermeneutic [hà »rmÉ™-nÃ… «tÄ ­k] from Greek words meaning interpreter and to interpret. A hermeneutic approach to literature would seek meaning according to methodological principles of interpretation and explanation. hermeneutics [hà »rmÉ™-nÃ… «tÄ ­ks] from the same source as hermeneutic, deriving ultimately from Hermes in his capacity of patron of speech, writing, and eloquence. Hermeneutics is the methodological study of the Bible according to certain established principles of interpretation. Hermione [hÉ™rmÄ «Ã‰â„¢nÄ“] the feminine form of the name Hermes. hermaphrodite [hÉ™r-mÄÆ'frÉ™-dÄ «t] one sense of the word is an abnormal human being who combines male and female reproductive organs in the same body. In science, hermaphrodites are plants or animals for which it is normal for both male and female reproductive parts to exist on the same individual. By extension, hermaphrodite may be applied to inanimate objects that combines disparate parts, for example, a hermaphrodite brig. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Direct and Indirect Objects50 Idioms About Arms, Hands, and FingersBail Out vs. Bale Out

Strategies to Motivate Employees in an Organisation Research Paper

Strategies to Motivate Employees in an Organisation - Research Paper Example This paper illustrates that in the corporate world, the need for motivation cannot be undermined. One of the things that facilitate operations in an organization is the drive which can either be intrinsic or extrinsic. In the work setting, the human resource management is tasked with ensuring the employees are highly motivated if good performance and pleasant results are to be achieved. The strategy to use in order to raise and maintain high levels of motivations amongst workers has always been a great challenge for most organization managers. The management gets into a dilemma when they seek to achieve high motivation amongst the workers while at the same time they pursue to incur the lowest possible cost. It is a great challenge to find the best strategies that can minimize the number of financial resources a firm spends to keep the employees highly motivated. Stress that comes from work is some of the many factors that demotivate employees leading to an economic downturn. Managers , therefore, are required to strategize on how well the workers can be rejuvenated so they may perform best. It is not always motivation in the form of monetary gains that works best for employees. According to Holden and Overmier, non-monetary schemes have been equally found to impact positively as a stimulus to the employees. Other than the financial grants, an organization can resort to using intangible rewards such as recognition, affirmation among others to motivate its employees. Pension schemes are some of the strategies that are currently grounding as a rewarding initiative that can be used to motivate workers. Conversely, myriad arguments have come up about the effectiveness of these non-monetary reward strategies. Do they enthuse and stir employees to deliver high performance? The research attempts to respond to these concerns and show how best employees can be stimulated to work passionately to drive the organization towards meeting its objective. The results will be an e ye-opener concerning how best staff can be motivated.

Analysis of The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde Essay

Analysis of The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde - Essay Example Bracknell affirms, â€Å"35 is a very attractive marriage age (Wilde 138).† The story focuses on the theme of destiny. Gwendolyn feels she is destined to marry only the person named Ernest stating to Jack, â€Å"My very own Ernest! (Wilde 26).† Ernest represents a rich family. Jack does not belong to a rich class. Likewise, Jack is characterized as a poor person. Consequently, Jack is eager to marry a rich lady in order grab the money of the rich lady. In the same manner, the author creates an imagery picture that Algernon is an unhappy with his family (Croally 35). Algernon creates a fictitious person, Bunbury. Creation is done to escape from his family. Algernon excuses himself from many important social and family events. He instead prefers staying with Bunbury. Algernon disguises as Ernest to Cicely. Cicely falls in love with Ernest (Algernon). When Gwendolyn learns that Cicely is also being engaged to marry the same Ernest, the two women fight. However when Jack (Ernest) and Algernon (Ernest) appear together, the two women stop fighting and ven t their anger on the two men who pretended to be take the name of Ernest. Further, the story ends with Miss Prism, Lady Bracknell’s former maid, stating that Jack was left at a station thinking the child was the book to be published stating, â€Å"†¦placed the baby in the handbag and deposited it on the train to be sent to the publisher (Wilde 144)†. Jack is Algernon’s elder Brother. Since Cicely is wealthy, Bracknell approves the marriage between Cicely and Algernon. Bracknell then approves the marriage between Gwnedolyn and Jack (Ernest). The story ends with the Jack affirming to Bracknell the significance of being earnest. Jack is eager to marry Gwendolyn, â€Å"..we must marry immediately (Wilde 26).† The story shows irony (Turner 84). Gwendolyn and Cicely are both in love with the person named Ernest. Gwendolyn wants to marry only the person named Ernest. However, they find out that Jack and

What are the pros and cons of the rise of networks Essay

What are the pros and cons of the rise of networks - Essay Example To put it simple, â€Å"a network society is a society whose social structure is made of networks powered by microelectronics-based information and communication technologies.† In this definition, it is evident that network as an essential part of social structure has a two-fold basis for its functioning. In this context, it is necessary to concentrate on the reasons of network to empower. In fact, this argumentation enables to comprehend the core contradiction that appears with the rise of networks. Among the key drivers towards the new network society, Castells (2010) mentions technological revolution, growing interdependence between contemporary economies.In other words, â€Å"social changes are as dramatic as the technological and economic processes of transformation†.In the case of technology, the very ability to analyze innovations in the close link with social movements rejects technological determinism. In particular, it is presented as a deeply rooted in the so cial fabric instance, which is a mirror of prevailing type of social and economic knowledge, organizational framework, and network disposition (Castells, 2010, p. 35). In the context of the latest technological revolution, Castells (2010) emphasizes the role of Silicon Valley in America as a precise driver of this significant change (p. 62). Moreover, he stresses on the genetic engineering as â€Å"they also refer to the decoding and recoding of the information of living matter†.

Sainsburys objectives Essay Example for Free

Sainsburys objectives Essay AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The company aim is to provide a world class service to customers by incorporating quality principles with our everyday routine. OBJECTIVES The companys objective is to discharge the responsibility as leaders in its trade by acting with complete integrity, by carrying out its work to the public good and to the quality of life in the community, to provide unrivalled value to its customers in the quality of the goods it sells, in the competitiveness of its prices and in the range of choice it offers. It aims in its stores, to achieve the highest standards of cleanliness and hygiene, efficiency of operation, convenience and customer service, and thereby create as attractive and friendly a shopping environment as possible and to offer its staff outstanding opportunities in terms of personal career development and in remuneration relative to other companies in the same market, practising always a concern for the welfare of every individual. The companys final objective is to generate sufficient profit to finance continual improvement and growth of the business whilst providing its shareholders with an excellent return on their investment. MARKETING AND SALES The company has a separate Marketing and Sales department and market research is used in the forms of market research staff using survey questionnaire in streets and in store, customer focus mornings where feed back can be gained, and questionnaires regarding current promotions e.g. Reward Card. The company hopes to present an image of high standard appealing to family groups and younger people and quality and value for money. The companys advertising strategy is through local TV and Radio, Local and National Strategies, Head Office planning branch and Marketing and Sales Manager Region e.g. Radio, TV, University, Freshers, Sponsorship Advertise by magazines, posters, instore demonstrations and customer led, evenings, mornings, suggestions, feedback, comments, book, school visits, community groups, talks to groups. The major influences on the price of the product are costs by the producer, competitors prices, regional pricing and select prices. The major markets are customers residing in the South Kirklees area. The main channels of distribution are contract distribution to supply products to store. Minority of goods delivered direct by suppliers. The main costs of distribution are transport and other related fixed costs depot vehicles and labour, fuel, consumables. The company is establishing closer links with suppliers by sharing vehicles. The major customers for the products are supermarket customers in South Kirklees. FINANCE The company leases the land and buildings, and the main items of capital equipment are plant machinery e.g. refrigeration, air conditioning, lighting and additional heating costs, checkout tills, display equipment shelves, trolleys, meat and bakery equipment, the fork lift truck, waste compactors, scissor lifts and computer and catering ovens. The company owns the company patent, trademark and products e.g. Classic Cola, Novon Washing Powder (65% of sales Sainsburys own brand) and its own magazine. The companys sources of finance are through ploughed back profit, shares, bank facilities, hire purchase/leasing and trade credit. Income is through profit and shares. Examples of fixed costs are capital equipment, contracted staff time, products and business rates for buildings. Examples of variable costs are energy heat, light, refrigeration, staff overtime and consumables e.g. staff clothing, paper stores, carrier bags. The company would like to invest in additional equipment and facilities for existing stores and updating others. This would provide better service and generate more sales. The cost of the investment would be variable and would be evaluated through a measured increase in turnover. The organisation has found recent trading conditions difficult because of strong competition in a small geographical area and competitive pricing e.g. special offers, introduction of a Reward Card customers and staff card, more advertising. PRODUCTION The products/services offered are a large supermarket, a wide range of food and non-food e.g. cd/video, books, pharmaceuticals, a cook shop, food includes:- bakery, meat, fish produce, dairy, frozen foods, tinned/packets, also a customer restaurant and a petrol station. The location of the company is in Huddersfield adjacent to the ring road opposite The University of Huddersfield and Oldgate House same side as Aspley Marina. Reasons why the organisation is located in Calderdale/Kirklees are to provide a service to customers within the geographical area and the suitable density of population. Reasons for this specific site are because of excellent road links for distribution and particularly customers, a good public transport system and land available for sale suitable for new store. The production process is split into Inputs, the Process and Outputs. The Inputs are goods and commodities are received from suppliers and received 24 hours a day. The Process is that when received, all items are counted manually and taken to the warehouse loaded on to special shelves. Information is recorded on the computer. Each department identifies goods needed. A list is made and items taken for display and sale in the shop. Department staff replenish the shelves when needed under close supervision and management in order to supply a high class service to customers. There is a customer self service and goods are taken to a checkout till for payment. There is an additional display and sales area inside the front entrance for cigarettes, books, newspapers and other small items. In addition a customer service desk is provided for customer contact. There is an adjoining restaurant for customers with the necessary preparation and sale of food. The Outputs are the provision of goods for sale in the store i.e. food and non food as well as a customer restaurant and petrol service station. HUMAN RESOURCES Human Resources Profile Total number455 Part time363 Full time92 Gender is mainly 25% Male and 75% Female, and a predominate number of staff are employed in checkout/replenishment of goods. Other staff include checkout, catering, administration, replenishes, warehouse, butchers, bakers, sales assistants. Staff Training The recruitment and selection procedures of the organisation are that internal recruitment is provided, they maintain a waiting list of speculative enquiries, they occasionally advise local press and they liaise with DSS re disabled staff. Training provided by the company includes Sainsburys own retail training scheme, NVQ level 1,2, NVQ level 4 for Trainee Managers, Assessors Awards for Department Managers, a regional co-ordinator, employment with training, plus operation skills training for in-house training. Methods used to motivate the workforce include the encouragement of employee commitment through involvement in decision making process. Also a Reward/Profit sharing scheme is used, as is a Pension scheme and additional voluntary contribution, a SAYE scheme, a Staff Association (national/local) and staff discounts. Employees have union representation through the following unions USDAW, T GW Union, a Recognition Agreement of no negotiation rights. Currently 13% of employees are in a union. MANAGEMENT, ADMINISTRATION AND COMMUNICATION Internal methods of communication are through senior management weekly meetings, store manager meetings, deputy manager meetings, department manager monthly meetings with staff, staff/management daily meetings, special additional meetings re initiatives, daily and weekly bulletins and through OASIS (E-Mail). External methods of communication are mail, phones, and through the Media TV, Radio and Press. Communications problems encountered and overcome have been continually ensuring communication of staff at all levels staff/customer upwards to management. The company has set up Staff Councils, elected regular Representatives of Staff and guaranteed Communicators who will inform a group of people. Developments in communication include Staff Councils. EXTERNAL FACTORS The consumers individual needs and expectations and the need to match customers needs to remain in business is one factor looked at. Another is the Governments Statutory legislation e.g. Health Safety, Hygiene, Employment, and Trading Standards. Local Authorities e.g. Planning Agreements, and Highway Authority are others. Competition from other superstores, regarding prime sites, maintaining the share of business, the effective change of products, the range and expansion into new initiatives are the big external factors in this trade.

politicians personal lives Essay -- essays research papers

Politicians make decisions that affect our everyday lives to the very state of defense for our country, and the media seems to personify personal parts of their lives. Should the press be allowed to interfere in and report on political figures personal lives? Some say they should, the people have a rite to know how an elected office candidate acts on said persons casual life. Others argue it’s an intrusion on privacy. It is my belief that these people run our country, but they all have personal lives that should be respected for the following reasons dignity, respect, and even suicide.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To begin with dignity is a base foundation of a person. Without dignity what good is a person’s word. Allowing the mass media to report on personal lives causes a direct loss of the subject’s personal dignity, and can lead to mistrust among voters and peers. When dignity is compromised scandals are allowed to run rampant. Scandals can affect a politicians public image, and voters and the general public may gain a misleading image of the candidate and ignore the person’s actual stance on issue therefore swaying voters to believe a false image. And example of this is the current president George Bush while his public image portrayed by the media is a redneck moron who used to do cocaine in 9/11 incident.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In addition respect is the basic respect for people is what bui...

Faking the Grade

Such as Bluetooth earphone, hiring academic gunners and buying essays online, and that the technical know-how tutorials in which the instructions of cheating are elaborated have been going viral on the Youth. According to the experts, cheating not only lose students' brains in telling right from wrong, but also caused a vicious circle that keeps constant cheating. Also, It gives multiple types of cheating, Including sabotage, plagiarism. ND bribing teachers with cash or sex. And then the documentary discusses the external factors that account for students' cheating, which virtually come from parents, news, events, society, and almost everywhere in the living world. After demonstrating an example, that a man made his career by selling his essays to students and their parents even offered to pay the ghostwriter for his works, the documentary reveals that parents have something to do with students' cheating.First, students are under much stress from parents, marks, and expectations and become vulnerable to cheat; second, according to the professor, with parents modeling, students internalize and they approach success by cheating to feel loved by their parents; third, parents look at it another way as documentary shows some parents were willing to buy cheating tools for their children. With showing many interviews with different audience, the documentary contends that cheating is related to a bigger issue, a dishonesty culture that penetrates news, events, society, and the whole world.After demonstrating two adult examples about a doctor copying other†s work for his research paper and some polices cheating for promotion, the documentary says a message is being delivered to young generation that endless pursuit of fame and fortune lead to a wrong mean—cheating to get ahead in today's dog-eat-dog environment according to the expert. Besides, Internal factors take much blame for cheating as a psychologist contends that personality is crucially responsible for cheating.In the documentary, an example of a used-to casino experienced cheater is illustrated where he pointed out that cheating is driven mostly by a risk-taking personality while prizes and marks seem less important. Moreover, according to the psychologist, people who like wearing fake brand clothes and Jewels are more likely to cheat; watching peers cheating would convince themselves to cheat under a worse style of studying, since a news is shown n the documentary that teachers changed score sheets for students to give the appearance of improved performance of the school instead of risking losing Jobs.However, this provoking behavior results in schools' fight back as it's illustrated in the documentary that teachers use high techs to catch cheaters, that schools set tests to examine students' academic integrity, and that harsh punishment would be given to cheaters with it showing the detecting tools and demonstrating examples of a girl who got accused of plagiarism because of strict rules of citing failing the exam or an unintentional mistake and of a boy who cheated getting a spot in his record with him forever.In the end, the documentary concludes by insisting a change is needed to prevent students from cheating and to cultivate a culture of honesty and integrity, after showing an example that students were devastated about their ceremony being called off due to a few students' cheating. According to the expert, reducing economic inequality, increasing students' sense of security, and eliminating the idea of dog-eat- dog environment are very means to pull the society back from dishonesty and welcome a reformation.